ASU Scholar's Collection

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740th Tank Battalion Memorial Monument
(740th Tank Battalion Association, 1999-04-24)
740th Tank Battalion: 1943-1993
(publisher not identified)
92nd Bomb Group pix
(Argus Press, 1947)
A comparison of semen thawing for artificial insemination in cattle.
(2011-05-26T18:13:05Z) Kaczyk, Brittni L.; Kaczyk, Brittni Lanay; Serrano, Gabriela I.; May, Brain J.; Scott, Cody B.; Salisbury, Michael W.; Angelo State University. Department of Agriculture.
Beef cows (n=23) were used to compared conception rates of two different thawing methods used for artificial insemination (AI). Cows were divided into the treatment or control group based on time of estrus. In the treatment, frozen semen was placed directly into the AI gun and inserted into the female for deposition after a minimum of 30 seconds. The control females experienced the typical thawing process of semen straws placed in a water bath for a minimum of 30 seconds, then loaded into the AI gun and deposited into the uterus of the female. Conception rates were similar between semen thawing methods (P > 0.51). Additionally, the study analyzed semen motility using the two different thaw methods and found no difference (P = 1.0). In conclusion, thawing semen directly in the reproductive tract of the female provides the same conception rates as traditional thaw methods.
A Comparison Pilot Study of Motor-level Electrical Stimulations for Lowering Postprandial Glucose Levels
(2016-05) Johnson, Annika; Hansen, Trevor; McCluskey, Charity; Huang, Han-Hung; Weise, Shelly; Ko, Man-Soo
Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of three Motor-level Electrical Stimulation (MES) parameters, NMES, Russian current, and low-rate transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) on non-diabetic healthy subjects’ postprandial glucose levels, heart rate, and oxygen consumption (VO2). Background: MES has been shown to improve glucose tolerance and glucose uptake in both animals and humans. The effects of MES include increasing the following: heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen uptake, ventilatory capacity, muscle bulk, muscle oxidative process, and muscle glycogen depletion. Recently, MES has been shown to improve blood glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes. However, limited research is available that comprehensively compares varying MES parameters on the effects of postprandial glucose levels. Methods: Twenty-eight healthy student subjects were randomly assigned to either the NMES, Russian current, TENS, or control group without any MES. Subjects participated in an overnight fast of at least 8 hours and had their fasting blood glucose measured. Subjects were given a glucose supplement to drink within 10 minutes, rested in supine for 30 minutes then the second glucose level was taken. Subjects received a 30 minute treatment intervention followed by the third blood glucose measurement. Subjects then rested an additional 30 minutes followed by obtaining the final blood glucose measurement. VO2 levels were monitored every 30 seconds, and heart rate was monitored every 3 minutes throughout the 90 minute study. Results: There were no significant differences between groups on glucose levels and heart rates throughout the study. The Russian group demonstrated a statistically significant increase up to 10% in VO2 compared to the control group. Conclusion: MES seems to have no effects on postprandial glucose levels in non-diabetic healthy subjects. While 30-minute MES treatment did not change the heart rate, Russian current significantly increased the VO2. Our findings indicate Russian current may have the potential to be applied to mimic exercise better than NMES or TENS. Further research is required to explore the effects of Russian current on blood glucose levels in people with T2D.
A critical appraisal of "A cognitive-motor intervention using a dance video game to enhance foot placement accuracy and gait under dual task conditions in older adults: a randomized controlled trial"
(2020-01) Hou, Kai-Chi
Motor and cognitive functions are very important in everyday activity. As a physical therapist, we will be treating many patients that have lost either their motor or cognitive functions. In this article, the researcher proposed the idea of incorporating the use of interactive video game to improve the foot placement and gait analysis of patients in the older generation. The experiment recruited a group of elder adults and divided them into two different group, one serves as the experimental group with interactive video game as part of the exercise routine and the other one served as the control group with only physical exercise. In this critical appraisal, I determined the credibility of the article, evaluated the paper's strength and weakness of each sections. Overall, the research paper provided a good example of how to set up tests to determine the benefits of interactive video game with physical exercise and provided ideas for future study base on its results. It serves as a good reference and an example of what to focus on and what not to do for future researches relating to the idea of using video games as an effective supplementary source to traditional therapy to improve cognitive and motor performances of patients.
A critical appraisal of "A comparative study of the effects of trunk exercise program in aquatic and land-based therapy on gait in hemiplegic stroke patients"
(2019-11) Ault, Karen
For the purpose of answering the clinical question "are aquatic or land-based trunk exercises more beneficial in improving gait in hemiplegic stroke patients?"� the following critical appraisal analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of one study conducted comparing the two interventions. This appraisal attempts to investigate the quality of the research study conducted as well as the authors' presentation and exploration of background, analysis of results and clinical significance in the realm of the physical therapy practice.
A critical appraisal of "A comprehensive rehabilitation program with quadriceps strengthening in closed versus open kinetic chain exercise in patients with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency"
(2019-11) Matschek, Brent
Applying evidence-based treatments to the therapeutic plan of care is crucial to give each patient effective interventions supported by research. A critical appraisal is necessary to determine the validity of the study, determining if it should be applied to a physical therapists' practice. When critiquing the study, thoroughly breaking down the introduction, methods, results, and discussion is necessary to find its strengths and weaknesses. These strengths and weaknesses are weighed to determine if the research is beneficial to the clinician. The methods section yielded the largest area of improvement in the study. The critical appraisal states that the study can be beneficial to a therapist, but has some key potential areas of improvement that could be changed to increase the validity and reliably of the study.
A critical appraisal of "A critical appraisal of "Effect of Senior Dance (DanSE) on Fall Risk Factors in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial."
(2024-01) Irby, Krystyn
This critical appraisal article presented a study that hypothesized the effect of dance therapy on fall risk among geriatric community-dwelling individuals. It includes a brief introduction providing background information, highlighting the study's importance, and stating the clinical question. The article then details the methods used to find and relate the study to the clinical questions presented. The appraisal evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of each section, including the introduction, methods, results, and discussion, to assess the article's credibility. The discussion covers the clinical significance and relevance of the study, offering an opinion on whether this article is credible for the application of the intervention. In conclusion, the article suggests that dance therapy can be a fun and effective alternative for balance training in the older population.
A critical appraisal of "A critical effect of laser therapy on chronic osteoarthritis of the knee in older subjects"
(2017-12) Martinez, Jesus
Angelo State University Physical Therapy requires first year students to partake in an Evidencebase Practice Seminar. This course allows SPTs to focus on evidence-base practice and clinical research that will be used in the acute care practicum in the semester. In this evidence-based course, the SPT was asked to construct various clinical questions pertaining to physical therapy and be able to find reliable articles related to those constructed questions. The SPT developed the following clinical question: "What is the efficacy of low-level laser therapy on adults with knee osteoarthritis?" The article selected from PubMed was "Effect of Laser Therapy on Chronic Osteoarthritis of the Knee in Older Subjects" by E. Youssef, Q, Muaidi, and A. Shanb, which was published in the Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences. In this article, the authors discuss the effects that low-level laser therapy can provide to older patients with chronic knee osteoarthritis when combined with an exercise program. This critical appraisal discusses the steps an SPT went through to find the selected article, the strengths and weakness regarding the methods, results, discussion, and overall student discussion. The SPT found that that the article was well-written with sufficient detail and information regarding the benefits of LLLT on KOA patients.
A critical appraisal of "A multicenter randomized double-blind study: comparison of the Epley, Semont, and Sham maneuvers for the treatment of posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo"
(2020-01) Walker, Kirsten
This paper is a critical appraisal of an article that compares the efficacy of 3 maneuvers in decreasing symptoms of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV). I found this article using the Texas Tech Library Portal. The article contained both strengths and weaknesses in the sections of introduction, method, results, and discussion. Some strengths include the introduction providing a good explanation and delivering background information on what exactly BPPV is and ways to provoke symptoms. Another strength is the intervention of the experiment is easily replicable by some other individuals in the future, and the authors do a fantastic job of analyzing and explaining the results of the experiment. The article does not have many weaknesses, but those that are evident and apparent cannot be overlooked. The authors do not explain the process of how the assessors recorded the effects of the treatment, what tool was used, nor the procedure of data collection. In addition, the location of where the study took place was never mentioned. These things ultimately make the experiment irreplicable by other others in an additional experiment. In the end the weaknesses addressed in my paper generated too much skepticism and lead me to draw the conclusion that this is not a reliable source.
A critical appraisal of "A newly developed floor chair placed on an office chair reduces lumbar muscle fatigue by cyclically changing its lumbar supporting shape."
(2019-11) Rambo, Riley
I completed a critical appraisal on the article called, "A newly developed floor chair placed on an office chair reduces lumbar muscle fatigue by cyclically changing its lumbar supporting shape"�. I used PubMed as a source to find my article by using key words such as chair interventions and low back pain. I made sure the research was published in a credible journal. I went through the introduction section and made sure that is was comprehensive and provided enough background information. I looked at the literature the authors used and made sure they were up to date. I looked for the independent and dependent variables of the study and made sure they were appropriate. Next I appraised the method section by observing how many subjects the researchers recruited and their age. I regarded that the researchers randomly assigned subjects to their groups. I looked for blindness in the study, tools the researchers used and if they had tables that were clear and easy to read. After my appraisal of the methods I moved on to the results. I checked to make sure the results were consistent with the hypothesis. I also observed the outcome measures they provided for the results. Lastly, I made sure the tables were clear and easy to read. Next I moved to the discussion section where I observed if they explained the results they obtained. Also looking that the authors tied the findings into new literature that was credible. Finally, I looked that the authors recognized their limitations and stated ways to improve their research for future studies. After my appraisal I indicated the clinical significance of the study to current PT practice and the relevance it had to my clinical question. I made an argument in favor of the intervention appraised and indicated the potential benefits and risks the study provided. I then stated my confidence in the research by using the research they performed and the validity it had. I finally concluded my appraisal.
A critical appraisal of "A pilot study of randomized clinical controlled trial of gait training in subacute stroke patients with partial body-weight support electromechanical gait trainer and functional electrical stimulation"
(2020-11) Gibson, Allison
Critical appraisal is an effective skill for clinical practitioners to exercise when providing services to a patient. I practiced the skill of critical appraising by using a data base to search for an experimental article relating to my clinical question. My clinical question is comparing electromechanical gait training to traditional gait training for acute stroke patients. I limited my search to interventions with electromechanical-assistance and found four quality research experiments. I chose an article from a hospital in Hong Kong that compares gait training, electromechanical gait training and electromechanical gait training with functional electrical stimulation. I chose the article because of the quantity of information over the reliability and validity of the experiment. In my opinion, the article is controversial over if it would provide credible information to health care providers. I critiqued the introduction, methods, results and discussion by looking at limitations, areas where results could be skewed and the overall quality of the paper. The article provided a detailed description of the methods and stayed in line with the purpose of the experiment. I believe the article's conclusion is clinically significant to physical therapy practice by the large margin of measurable outcomes for the electrotechnical gait training with functional electrical stimulation. In the future, I would encourage to critique multiple article before using data in the clinic.
A critical appraisal of "A prevention strategy to reduce the incidence of injury in high school basketball: a cluster randomized controlled trial"
(2020-11) Wilson, Tyler
This critical appraisal looks at a cluster randomized controlled trial study on if a balance training program can reduce the incidence of injury in high school basketball players. The importance of this appraisal is to determine if the findings of this study are significant in furthering the field of physical therapy. In order to find this article, I searched PubMed for studies on how sport specific balance programs affect the incidence of ankle injury in athletes. I narrowed my search by looking for recent studies with testable measures, conducted on athletes undergoing a balance training program. The article I found did a great job providing background information on the importance of the study; however, a bit more evidence on the effect of a balance program in reducing injury would have been preferred. This study was conducted as a single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial, which helps eliminate many biases that could happen without this type of research design. Further explanation on the intricacies of the balance program would help future studies more easily build upon this one. The findings of this study are well organized but providing more information on their clinical significance would be beneficial for the field of physical therapy. One of the strongest aspects of this article is how it correlates its findings with previously conducted studies. The only problem with this is that some of the previous studies may be outdated. Overall, I believe this study does a great job in setting the framework for future studies on injury prevention strategies in adolescent sports. Future studies should look at creating a more extensive balance program for a variety of sports. Although this article does not thoroughly explain the details of the balance program used, I would still use this as a base for intervention strategies with my future patients. I am willing to try whatever it takes if it means reducing the risk of future injury for my patients.
A critical appraisal of "A randomized controlled trial comparing rehabilitation efficacy in chronic ankle instability"
(2021-12) Harrison, Braden
In this critical appraisal, I will be examining an article about the proper rehabilitation of chronic ankle instability (CAI). In this paper, I will introduce my formulated clinical question regarding this issue and give a proper background on the topic. I will then explain to the reader how I came across this article, why I chose it, and why I think it is valid and reliable. Once that is understood, I will begin to pick apart the article, explaining its strength and weaknesses in each titled section of the piece. Finally, I will explain why I find the article to be clinically significant and give examples of how I might use the recommended interventions during my practice as a physical therapist in the future.
A critical appraisal of "A school-based injury prevention program to reduce sport injury risk and improve healthy outcomes in youth: a pilot cluster-randomized controlled trial"
(2017-12) Reid, Ryan
Introduction: With an evidence-based approach in medicine, one must utilize critical analysis of scientific literature to effectively determine its potential application. This critical appraisal focuses on a specific article concerning neuromuscular training and its effectiveness in answering a clinical question concerning the prevention of knee injuries among youth. In order to better determine the article's applicability, it was carefully analyzed based on its introduction, methods, results, discussion, and overall study design. Methods: A systematic approach was used during the literature search process in order to arrive at a clinically relevant article for appraisal. This approach included utilizing two internet databases along with specific search criteria to obtain relevant, modern, and academically acceptable articles. This particular article was selected for appraisal due to its overall aim and clinical relevance to the clinical question being investigated. Results: Systematic critical appraisal of the various sections within the article enabled the identification of various strengths and weaknesses found within the study design and article. Division of the appraisal by the article's introduction, methods, results, and discussion allowed more specific criticism of the different areas of the study to aid in determining its overall reliability and potential application. The appraisal effectively identified many areas of improvement for current and future studies, but it also aided in determining strengths found primarily within the design of the study and participation of subjects. Discussion: Following critical appraisal of the article's various sections, the overall clinical significance and application to the clinical question was discussed. Despite the strengths in the design of the study, the large quantity of participants, and the apparent success of the intervention, there was enough weakness found within the study to not be able to directly apply this intervention in a clinical setting. However, the authors formulated an acceptable study that can be used in further research in an increasingly popular training and rehabilitation approach.
A critical appraisal of "A single-blinded randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of manipulation and mobilization in the treatment of Morton's neuroma"
(2020-01) Placzek, Jenna
A research group from Durban University of Technology in Durban, South Africa conducted a study on patients with Morton's neuroma to analyze the efficacy of manipulation and mobilization techniques on the pain levels of the patients. 40 subjects with Morton's neuroma were divided in two groups. The control group received foot and ankle manipulation and mobilization while the placebo group received de-tuned ultrasound. Each subject did not know which group they were in, and each group received their respective treatments twice a week for three weeks, and then their pain levels were re-evaluated based on questionnaires and pain pressure tolerance. This paper analyzes the research performed and discusses the pros and cons through the introduction, materials and methods, results, and discussion. It then evaluates the research study as a whole and discusses changes that could be made to improve the research study.
A critical appraisal of "Acute effect of scapular proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques and classic exercises in adhesive capsulitis: a randomized controlled trial"
(2019-11) Graves, Devin
The ability to critically appraise research articles is essential for a doctoral physical therapy student aiming to use evidence based practice in the clinic. This appraisal evaluated a study that compared the immediate effects of scapular PNF techniques and classic exercises in patients with adhesive capsulitis. Each section of the article was systematically reviewed and the strengths and weaknesses were determined. Though the clinical implications of this article are minimal, it is a valuable contribution to the literature, as it prompts further investigation of the long term effects of scapular PNF techniques in patients with adhesive capsulitis.
A critical appraisal of "Additional effects of acupuncture on early comprehensive rehabilitation in patients with mild to moderate acute ischemic stroke: a multicenter randomized controlled trial"
(2019-11) Murphy, Skyler
The following paper is a critical appraisal of the research article "Additional effects of acupuncture on early comprehensive rehabilitation in patients with mild to moderate acute ischemic stroke: a multicenter randomized controlled trial "�. This appraisal fulfills the requirement for a Doctor of Physical Therapy Evidence Based Practice course, as well as answers a clinical question regarding the effects of acupuncture on motor function in post stroke patients. This critical appraisal examines the strengths and weaknesses of the introduction, methods, results, and discussion of the research article. Further, discussion of the clinical relevance, application, and limitations of the research conducted were analyzed and recorded in this paper. The results from this study showed that acupuncture is safe and has additional effects in improving neurological deficits, swallowing disorders, cognitive impairment, and lower extremity motor function, but has no significant improvements for upper extremity motor function. Analyzing results of current research is important for me as a student physical therapist to consider whether I would choose to implement this in future stroke patients
A critical appraisal of "Aerobic exercise for Alzheimer's disease: a randomized controlled pilot trial"
(2021-12) Santiago Casas, Martin
My goal while appraising this article was to determine the effectiveness and validity of the study itself while also determining the clinical implications this research can have on the field of physical therapy. As future physical therapist, I will need to be able to discern what evidence is credible and relevant versus what is not. Morris 2017 is a research article explaining the effects of aerobic exercise on memory and cognitive functioning. It is through my appraisal that I determined that this research study was designed in a way to lead to future implications for the role of physical therapy in populations with Alzheimer's disease. Although the experiment was testing for multiple outcome measures, they are all potentially clinically significant and can lead to future studies. While nothing was entirely conclusive, this research study suggests aerobic exercise can improve memory function and brain health.

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